<P>60The Military Engineer ? July-August ? 2010 repair. Each of the jetties was evaluated separately and had different emphasis in the criteria for plan selection. Jetty rehabilitation alternatives were formulated based on variation of jetty cross-section resilience, maintenance options and implementation sequences. Estimates of future lifecycle outcome were made for a range of jetty mainte- nance strategies and rehabilitation al- ternatives. Selection of a best plan to manage the future lifecycle of each jetty was based on the optimization of initial rehabilitation cost, future maintenance costs, jetty reliability, the expected tim- ing and location of future jetty repairs, and environmental effects of jetty life- cycle management. Working for the Future As with the 2004-2007 interim repairs, future repairs will again focus attention on the most critical and badly-damaged sections, but also will stabilize the out- ermost tips of the jetties. Additionally, repairs will be made to the sections of the jetties closest to the shoreline, which have not been repaired since construc- tion. Finally, engineers have designed additional features—perpendicular groins—to address erosion concerns along the length of both structures. Several challenges face engineers as they approach this repair. First is the transportation and placement of up to 1.5-million-T of rock, with each rock weighing 35-T to 50-T. In the late 1880s, engineers used a rail system to trans- port and dump rocks at the ends of the jetties. Today, dump trucks and cranes lock each stone into place to maximize structural integrity. Second, the inlet sees the migration of millions of juvenile salmon each year as they make their journey to the ocean. Similarly, hundreds of thousands of re- turning adult salmon—many protected under the Endangered Species Act—pass this same area on their return to up- river spawning grounds and hatcher- ies. Consequently, during construction, avoidance and minimization are key requirements for environmental com- pliance. As environmental impacts are quanti?ed, appropriate and functional- ly-equivalent mitigation strategies will be developed for threatened and en- dangered species and the estuary and affected wetlands. At the conclusion of this project, re- pairs will strengthen the jetty structures, extend their functional life, and maintain deep-draft navigation on the Columbia River, protecting this gateway and tens of billions of dollars of commerce well into the 21st century. Matt Rabe is Chief of Public Affairs, Eric Bluhm is Project Manager and Hans Moritz is Coastal Engineer, U.S. Army Corps of Engi- neers Portland District. They can be reached at 503-808-4511 or matt.rabe@us.army.mil, 503-808-4759 or eric.v.bluhm@us.army.mil, and 503-808-4864 or hans.r.moritz@us.army. mil, respectively. USACE coastal engineers are concerned that weakened sections of the Columbia Rivers South Jetty could breach during a strong winter storm and cause sands to ?ll in the navigation channel at the rivers entrance. As environmental impacts are quanti?ed, functionally- equivalent mitigation strategies will be developed for threatened species.</p> <UL><LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/1/1/">Front-Cover</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/2/2/">Inside-Front-Cover</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/3/3/">Page-1</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/4/4/">Page-2</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/5/5/">Page-3</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/6/6/">Page-4</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/7/7/">Page-5</a></LI> <LI><a href="http://www.stallionpublishers.com/publication/609/tofzxaosm/8/8/">Page-6</a></LI> <LI><a 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